Shih Tzu

About the Shih Tzu

The Shih Tzu is an ancient, affectionate toy breed that was quite literally bred for the lap of luxury. Developed in Tibet and refined in the imperial courts of China, the Shih Tzu — whose name means "little lion" — was a treasured companion of Chinese royalty for centuries, prized purely for its beauty and its devotion. It has never been a working dog; its one and only job has always been to be a loving companion, and it excels at it.

Sturdy for its small size, with a flowing double coat and a sweet, upturned face, the Shih Tzu is outgoing, friendly, and happiest at the center of family life. They're adaptable little dogs that do wonderfully in apartments and houses alike, bonding closely with their people and greeting the world with a cheerful, trusting attitude. Their glamorous coat is the main commitment — in return, they ask mainly for companionship and a comfortable spot nearby.

Breed at a Glance

Coat Colors

Shih Tzus come in a wonderful array of colors and combinations — gold, white, brindle, black, liver, and blue, often in two-tone patterns. Many have a white blaze on the forehead and a white tip on the tail, both traditionally prized. That long, flowing coat can be kept full or trimmed into an easy-care "puppy cut."

Temperament & Personality

Shih Tzus are the definition of a companion dog: affectionate, cheerful, and endlessly people-oriented. They love everyone — family, strangers, children, other pets — and simply want to be included and adored. Bred for centuries purely for companionship, they thrive on attention and don't like being left alone. Beneath the sweetness is a dash of that "little lion" stubbornness, so training rewards patience and a light, positive touch.

• Affectionate and devoted — a true lap dog that adores company.
• Friendly and outgoing with people, children, and other pets.
• Adaptable and easygoing — well-suited to apartments and family homes.
• Charming but a little stubborn; consistent, gentle training works best.

Exercise & Enrichment Needs

Shih Tzus have modest exercise needs — a little activity keeps them healthy, but they're primarily companions, not athletes.

• Short daily walks — a gentle stroll or two is plenty.
• Indoor play — light games and toys keep them happy and engaged.
• Avoid heat & overexertion — as a flat-faced breed, they can overheat and tire quickly.
• Companionship — time with their people matters most of all.

Grooming & Care

That luxurious coat is the Shih Tzu's signature — and its single biggest commitment. Whether kept long or trimmed short, it needs consistent care.

• Brush daily if kept in a long coat to prevent tight mats; a "puppy cut" reduces the workload.
• Bathe regularly to keep the coat clean and glossy.
• Clean the face and eye area daily — the flat face and eyes need attention to prevent staining and irritation.
• Check ears, keep nails trimmed, and prioritize dental care (small breeds are prone to dental disease).

Health Considerations

Shih Tzus are generally long-lived, but their flat face and small size bring a few specific concerns. A responsible breeder and attentive care help them thrive.

• Brachycephalic airway syndrome — the short muzzle can cause breathing difficulty and heat intolerance.
• Eye problems — their prominent eyes are prone to irritation, dryness, and injury; keep hair trimmed and eyes clean.
• Dental disease — very common in small breeds; regular brushing and cleanings matter.
• Hip & patella issues — hip dysplasia and slipping kneecaps occur and are worth screening.

Is a Shih Tzu Right for You?

Shih Tzus are affectionate, adaptable, low-exercise companions — ideal for those who want a devoted lapdog and can commit to grooming and gentle, heat-aware care.

A Shih Tzu may be perfect if you…

• Want an affectionate companion suited to apartment or family life.
• Are home often and can give them the company they love.
• Are prepared for regular grooming and flat-faced-breed care.

Think twice if you…

• Are away from home for long hours — they hate being alone.
• Want an athletic companion for runs or hikes, or a guard dog.
• Don't have time or budget for coat maintenance and small-breed dental care.